Green Economy and Sustainable Development (2024)

World Development, 2020

Environmental provisions in preferential trade agreements (PTAs) are increasing in terms of their number and variety. The economic effects of these environmental provisions remain largely unclear. It is, therefore, necessary to determine whether the trend to incorporate environmental provisions in PTAs counteracts the goal to spur economic development through trade via these PTAs. This is the first article in which the trade effects of environmental provisions in PTAs are thoroughly investigated. Thespotlight is put on developing countries for which the assumed trade-off between economic development and environmental protection is particularly acute. This article uses a new fine-grained dataset on a broad range of environmental provisions in 680 PTAs, combined with a panel of worldwide bilateral trade flows from 1984 to 2016. We show that environmental provisions can help reduce dirty exports and increase green exports from developing countries. This effect is particularly pronounced in developing countries with stringent environmental regulations. By investigating how environmental provisions in PTAs affect trade flows, this article contributes to the literature on the following topics: international trade and the environment; design and impacts of trade agreements; and greening the economy in developing countries. It also shows that the design of trade agreements matters. Environmental provisions can be used as targeted policy tools to promote the green transformation and to leverage synergies between the economic and environmental effects of including environmental provisions in trade agreements.

Pedagogische Studien, 1993

The World Economy, 1999

Using a comprehensive time series data for Nigeria between 1986 to 2006, this research discovered that expanded trade has detrimental impacts on the environment in Nigeria as in other developing nations, and the relationship between expanded trade and the environment depicts the theory of Environmental Kuznet Curve. This study then concludes with workable policy recommendations to help government, private enterprises and the civil society manage expended trade so as to avoid its pitfalls.Key words: trade liberalisation, globalisation, environmental degredation, environmental kuznet curve, the pollution haven hypothesis (PHH), the factor endowment hypothesis (FEH), composition, scale and technique effect of trade.

SSRN Electronic Journal, 2011

Social Forces, 2007

The recent revitalization of concern for environmental quality has generated many questions about the interaction between trade and the environment. Most of these questions have to do with the impact of environmental regulation on trade patterns and gains from trade. If a tradeoff is perceived, it is often argued that some intervention becomes appropriate: either a specific trade policy or the establishment of an international environmental standard. Present GATT policy then becomes an issue of debate. Should GATT revise its rules to accommodate the specific trade measures suggested? How can GATT ensure that the environmental objective is not a disguise for a trade barrier? Should GATT establish some international environmental standard with procedures to ensure compliance? The importance given to trade liberalization and exchange rate policy reform as part of adjustment for development has raised another set of questions: Is there a direct link between the removal of trade barriers...

Review of Social Economy, 1995

The relationship between international trade and environment is extremely debatable issue since the enhancement in trade openness. Panel of South Asian countries has been used in this study over the period of 1980-2016 to examine the impact of international trade on environment by decomposition scale, technique, composition and comparative advantage effect. Panel ARDL methodology is used to investigate the long run and short run relationship between trade and environment. The results suggest the existence of long run relationship between international trade and carbon dioxide emission, whereas, the short run relation exist in scale effect, composition effect and comparative advantage effect. The results provide the modern approach to examine the impact of international trade in four sub-dimensions of trade openness. Thus, trade economist should focus on such policies which promote the use of environmental friendly technologies and efficient use of natural resources in production. JE...

This paper examines the relationship between trade and climate with a primary focus on greenhouse gas emissions. In the first section I assert that the current global trade and investment model and the ideas that lay at its foundations have significantly contributed to climate change, and ‘business as usual’ will continue to exacerbate the problem if no reform takes place. Although this seems to indicate that free trade is inherintly unsustainable in relation to climate, the second section will demonstrate that protectionism does not provide an answer either, and can undermine the potential of collective action through a global regime. Finally I will illustrate that the trade and climate nexus, then, is arguably less a question of more or less free trade, but rather a question of whether we can reconfigure trade regimes so that they recognise climate impacts as a form of market failures and promote the adoption of minimal environmental standards, rather than rule against them, while ensuring equitable climate governance and enforcement of both current and new rules.

Journal of International Development, 2013

Herald of Ternopil National Economic University, 2019

Introduction. Modern world development is being influenced by global processes, which reflect the specifics and directions of its functioning. First and foremost, it is a matter of interconnecting the interests of the world community to achieve common goals of economic, political, environmental, social, and cultural development. The discrepancy between the system of economic activity and the ecological capabilities of the world requires justification of such implementation directions on a global scale, which would take into account the need to ensure the rational development of the ecological component of this process. The current crisis is the result of modern industrial civilization, which, unfortunately, does not guarantee humanity a decent eco-future and the prospect of self-preservation of the ecosystem and reproduction of resources, taking into account the needs of future generations in a planetary dimension. Purpose. This research was conducted to investigate and identify the...

Green economy aims to use economic rationality and market mechanisms to mute the most ecologically damaging effects of globalized capitalism while reviving economic growth in the global North, fostering development in the South, and decoupling economic growth from environmental decline. An archetypal application of green econ- omy is transnational trade in ecosystem services, including reduced emissions for defor- estation and degradation (REDD?). By compensating developing countries for maintaining forests as carbon sinks, this approach is meant to transcend politics and circumvent conflicts over the responsibilities of industrialized and ‘less-developed’ countries that have stymied global climate policy. However, carbon-offset trading is unlikely to result in lower greenhouse gas emissions, much less combined conservation and development gains. The troubled record of payment for environmental services and other schemes or commodification of nature illustrates that living ecosocial systems do not fit the requirements of market contracts. Disputes over proto-REDD? projects point to the dangers that REDD? will disadvantage or dispossess rural communities and distract attention from underlying causes of forest and livelihood loss. Two decades of all-but- futile climate negotiations have shown that global warming cannot be managed by means of technocratic expertise nor dealt with separately from the politics of inequality and the paradox of economic growth. The deceptive promise of greening with growth can blind us to these realities. Counter-hegemonic discourses to growth-centered green economy under the headings of buen vivir, mainly in the global South, and degrowth, mainly in the global North, therefore merit attention.

isara solutions, 2019

The damage caused to the environment by activities of human beings is a major source of concern in contemporary world politics. While there is increasing awareness about the anthropogenic impact on planet earth, efforts to control and check this damage are thwarted by constraints arising from concerns about such measures adversely affecting economic growth. This scenario places the developing countries of today in a very unenviable position. If they continue on the path of rapid economic expansion, they stand accused of damaging the global environment, and if they try to accommodate environmental concerns, they run the risk of slowing down their economies. This study attempts to explore the linkages between trade and environment in the context of the concerns voiced by developing countries over the impact of such a linkage for their economic well-being.

Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 2014